WIPO's Global Innovation Index's (GII) Innovation cluster ranking maps out where innovation activity is concentrated globally. By analyzing patent filings, scientific publications, and venture capital deals, it identifies the areas with the densest populations of inventors, scientific authors, and venture capitalists. The method occurs when WIPO locates and ranks Innovation clusters through a geocoding method, mapping addresses and names pulled from documents to city level accuracy or better for 99.9% of inventor addresses, 99.8% of scientific author addresses, and 99.5% of venture capital deals.
Director General Daren Tang stated that, "The world’s leading clusters are building blocks of national innovation ecosystems and show the importance of strong connections among research, enterprise, talent and investment. Their spread across regions reflects the increasing capacity of economies to translate innovation into economic and social impact."
These top five innovation clusters are:
- Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou (China and Hong Kong, China)
- Tokyo–Yokohama ( Japan)
- San Jose–San Francisco (United States)
- Seoul (Republic of Korea)
- Beijing (China)
Learn more about WIPO's Global Innovation Index cluster initiative here.